1. The invention relates to the field of battery reuse, and more specifically to a method for activating and reusing retired lead-acid batteries.
Background technology:
2. With the acceleration of urban construction, emergency power preservation and other activities are becoming more frequent, and the level of power grid equipment, grid frame and power supply capacity are unable to meet the growing power demand. Secondly, with the continuous improvement of residents' requirements for power supply reliability, grid maintenance operations are required to be carried out in the state of no power outage in the community, but it is inevitable to encounter the situation of power failure caused by insufficient load equipment in the maintenance process. In addition, as China's electric vehicle industry enters a period of rapid development, the construction speed of charging stations lags behind the development speed of electric vehicles, mobile energy storage vehicles are easy to install and place, strong mobility, flexible and convenient, and can play a role in power supply services such as standby power supply, load balancing, and peaking, which can improve the safety and reliability of power grid power supply. It can extend the function time with the load, and has the ability to provide temporary power supply and electric vehicle replacement service. Therefore, the society has an increasing demand for batteries in mobile energy storage vehicles used in emergency power grids, residential communities, and other needs.
3. At present, lead-acid batteries are widely used as energy storage batteries, communication backup power batteries, automotive starting batteries and traction batteries due to their advantages of low price, safe and stable operation. Generally speaking, the design life of lead-acid batteries is about 8 to 10 years, but in the actual situation, a large number of lead-acid batteries often exist in the phenomenon of premature retirement that has not yet reached the design life. At present, the waste lead-acid batteries have been included in the national "hazardous waste list", a huge number of waste lead-acid batteries not only produce extremely high costs, but also lead to very serious environmental regulatory risks.
4. However, the current decommissioned lead-acid batteries are often not effectively reused, and most lead-acid batteries are only used in simple steps, becoming hazardous waste products in a short time. Many decommissioned lead-acid batteries still have a large number of single batteries with a capacity between 40 and 80% of the rated capacity. If this type of battery is not activated, it is directly disassembled and classified, and the grade plate is returned to the furnace to generate raw materials, which will cause a large amount of waste of lead-acid battery resources.
5. In the prior art, there are already some active reuse methods for lead-acid batteries, which are usually achieved by adding activators to waste lead-acid batteries. The types of activators are very diverse, for example, the invention patent application document with the publication number cn105914416a recorded sodium sulfate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, fruit acid, edta, deionized water and other components of activators. Or, the carbon activator liquid made of electrolytic oxidation recorded in the invention patent application document with the public number cn1440087a, and so on. However, the types of activators in the prior art still have various problems such as single activation effect, short battery life after activation, easy to change the original characteristics of the electrolyte, and the addition of activators may lead to initial capacity reduction, easy to lead to short circuit or affect the low temperature performance of the battery.
6. On the other hand, there is still a lack of an accurate and efficient method of load utilization or cascade utilization standard for activated lead acid batteries in the existing technology. This makes it impossible to accurately determine the state of activated lead-acid batteries in the prior art, and it is impossible to realize reasonable secondary utilization of decommissioned batteries.
7. Therefore, a new method of activation and comprehensive utilization of decommissioned lead-acid batteries is urgently needed.
